Overview

Sustainability refers to meeting present needs without compromising future generations’ ability to meet theirs — the Brundtland Commission definition (1987). It spans ecological limits, social equity, and economic viability (the “three pillars”).

Sustainability is often described through three nested circles: economy inside society inside ecology — meaning economic activity must be bounded by social equity, which must be bounded by ecological limits.

Three Dimensions

  • Ecological: Operating within planetary boundaries — carbon cycle, biodiversity, water cycles, soil health
  • Social: Equitable distribution of resources and opportunities; cultural preservation; community resilience
  • Economic: Long-term value creation that doesn’t deplete the natural and social capital it depends on

Sustainability vs. Regeneration

Sustainability asks: how do we stop making things worse? Regenerative design asks: how do we actively heal and build capacity?

See Land and Nature Stewardship for regenerative approaches that go beyond mere sustainability.